Atopic dermatitis, also known as eczema, is a chronic skin condition characterized by dry, itchy and inflamed skin. It's caused by an overactive immune system response to allergens or irritants, leading to redness, swelling, and cracking of the skin. Atopic dermatitis often runs in families with a history of allergies and is common in infants and young children. While there is no cure for atopic dermatitis, treatment can help manage symptoms and prevent flare-ups.